慢性重症病毒性肝炎并发医院内曲霉菌感染

1976～1991年我院收治慢性重症病毒性肝炎并发曲霉菌感染15例,感染于住院后3～112天,<30天9例。以血性痰液、胸水、腹水、脑脊液为特点。多数周围血象白细胞不增高,中性粒细胞增高,IgG增高,曲霉菌( );感染后2～10天均死亡。感染前咽部检出白色念珠菌6例,滥用抗生素者占80％。     

Hospital outbreak caused by a carbapenem-resistant strain of Acinetobacter baumannii: patient prognosis and risk-factors for colonisation and infection

Between October 2001 and August 2002, 30 hospital patients became infected or colonised by a multiresistant (including to carbapenems) epidemic strain of Acinetobacter baumannii (AbMR) in a hospital outbreak. This study analysed the risk-factors associated with acquisition of this epidemic strain and investigated the prognosis of patients infected by AbMR, with the aim of elucidating factors which lead to mortality. A case-control study of the acquisition of AbMR in patients infected or colonised in the hospital outbreak was performed. Independent risk-factors leading to death were studied by logistic regression analysis. Multivariate analysis of the risk-factors for colonisation/infection with AbMR revealed an independent association with the presence of an arterial catheter (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.03-1.25) and administration of imipenem as monotherapy (OR, 11.12; 95% CI, 2.33-53.09). Multivariate analysis of the prognostic features leading to mortality revealed a significant association with hypotension or shock (OR, 24.63; 95% CI, 1.56-387.56) at the time of bacterial isolation.     

耐药性癫(癎)患者颞叶中细胞周期依赖性蛋白激酶5的表达

目的 研究细胞周期依赖性蛋白激酶5(cyclin dependent kinases 5,CDK5)在耐药性癫(癎)患者颞叶中的表达,探索其在耐药性癫(癎)发病机制中的作用.方法 收集耐药性癫(癎)患者术后脑组织,用荧光定量PCR、免疫组化和Western blot 3种检测方法从基因和蛋白水平分别测定CDK5在耐药性癫(癎)患者颞叶中的表达,并与对照组进行比较.结果 荧光定量PCR发现CDK5 mRAN比对照组明显增加,免疫组化检测显示这种基因的蛋白表达产物主要分布在神经元轴突和胶质细胞中,Western blot检测在相对分子质量35 000处有一蛋白条带,并且可见实验组(颞叶和海马中分别为1.4293±0.1839和2.0733±0.4738)高于对照组(颞叶和海马中分别为0.9680±0.4147和1.403±0.6163,P＜0.05).结论 CDK5在耐药性癫(癎)患者颞叶中表达增强,提示他们可能参与了耐药性癫(癎)的形成.     

Identification of a Membrane Receptor for Retinol-Binding Protein Functioning in the Cellular Uptake of Retinal

Retinol-binding protein (RBP) is the transport protein that carries retinol in the circulation from the liver to its target tissues. The existence of a cell-surface receptor on the target cells, which mediates the uptake of retinol from RBP, has been known since 1975. Recently, it was identified as an integral transmem-brane protein named STRA6 that is inducible by retinoic acid in certain cancer cells. The receptor was found to be highly specific for RBP, with high affinity, and to be localized in all tissues known to require retinol for their function, particularly the pigment epithelium of the eye.     

Evaluation of four elastomeric interocclusal recording materials

Background: The fabrication of dental prosthesis requires the transfer of interocclusal records from patient's mouth to semiadjustable articulators using different kinds of recording media. Any inaccuracy in these interocclusal records leads to occlusal errors in the final prosthesis. This study was conducted to evaluate the dimensional changes occurring in the interocclusal recording material over a given period of time and the material's resistance to compression during the cast mounting on the articulator.     

高浓度瘦素自分泌诱导脂肪细胞瘦素抵抗的研究

目的:观察高浓度瘦素对人脂肪细胞分解代谢及脂肪蓄积的直接影响,探讨瘦素自分泌调节在肥胖发生中的作用。方法:取正常成人皮下脂肪组织,常规提取和培养前脂肪细胞,待细胞融合后诱导分化为脂肪细胞后分为二组:低浓度组、高浓度组;分别培养于瘦素终浓度为100ng/ml、1000ng/ml的培养液a中。于培养48h、72h收集培养液检测游离脂肪酸和甘油的浓度,取脂肪细胞行油红O染色并图像分析计算脂肪细胞中脂肪颗粒的积分光密度。结果:与低浓度组相比,瘦素作用48h、72h后,高浓度组培养液中游离脂肪酸浓度均下降[(0.16711±0.011900)mmol/L VS(0.20589±0.008738)mmol/L,(0.17544±0.013920)mmol/L VS(0.23567±0.026220)mmol/L,甘油含量均减少(28.1733±0.91377)μmol/L VS(30.2456±0.30084)μmol/L,(28.9367±0.79530)μmol/L VS(31.8567±0.79024)μmol/L],而脂肪颗粒积分光密度则升高(461136.89±12049.947 VS418570.33±5668.129,441566.56±5921.602 VS 390133.67±7001.304)。结论:高浓度瘦素长时程作用脂肪细胞,可延缓脂肪分解代谢,增加脂肪蓄积。高浓度瘦素经自分泌诱导脂肪细胞产生瘦素抵抗,可能对肥胖发生有重要影响。     

Crowns cemented on crown preparations lacking geometric resistance form. Part II: effect of cement.

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the effect of different cements on resistance to dislodgment of crowns cemented on preparations lacking geometric resistance form. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A preparation that offered no geometric resistance form, with 20 degrees total occlusal convergence (TOC), 0.9 mm wide shoulder finish line, and a 2.5 mm axial wall height was created on an ivorine tooth using a milling machine. Ten metal test specimen die replicas and 10 standardized metal crowns with recipient sites for the application of external forces through a universal testing machine were fabricated. The crowns were cemented on the dies under 5 and 10 kg external loads, the marginal openings measured, loaded to dislodgment, and cleaned of cement. The process was repeated using zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE), zinc phosphate (ZPh), resin modified glass ionomer (RMGI), and composite resin (CR) cements. RESULTS: Marginal openings under 5 kg cementation loads were 74.63 (+/-15.04) for ZOE, 75.98 (+/-18.20) microm for ZPh, 98.58 (+/-22.62) microm for RMGI, and 105.82 (+/-20.07) microm for CR cements respectively; under 10 kg cementation loads they were 57.62 (+/-15.86) microm, 59.55 (+/-15.41) microm, 95.00 (+/-19.52) microm, 101.30 (+/-12.52) microm respectively. Oblique dislodgment forces, measured with a Universal testing machine, were 40.18 (+/- 6.76) N for ZOE, 215.65 (+/-45.79) N for ZPh, 165.43 (+/-19.53) N for RMGI, and 181.54 (+/-30.75) N for CR respectively when crowns were cemented under 5 kg loads. The corresponding values for 10 kg loads were 38.62 (+/-4.19), 274.86 (+/-54.22), 139.70 (+/-21.71), and 160.40 (+/-21.21) respectively. Only zinc phosphate cement produced statistically enhanced resistance when crowns were cemented under 10 kg force (p value = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of the present study only crowns cemented with zinc phosphate displayed increased resistance to dislodgment on preparations lacking resistance form.     

Characterization of an immunologic polymorphism (D79H) in the heavy chain of factor V.

BACKGROUND: During the study of a family with hereditary factor (F)V deficiency (FV Amersfoort, 1102 A > T in exon 7) we identified an individual with 5% FV heavy chain antigen (FV(HC)) and 50% FV light chain antigen (FV(LC)). Further testing revealed that apart from the FV Amersfoort allele a second variant FV allele was segregating in this family, which encodes for a FV molecule with a reduced affinity for mAb V-23 used in the FV heavy chain ELISA (ELISA(HC)). OBJECTIVE: Identification and characterization of the molecular basis responsible for the reduced affinity of the variant FV for mAb V-23. METHODS: Family members of the proband were screened for mutations in the exons coding for the heavy chain of FV, after which the recombinant variant FV could be generated and characterized. Next, the cases and controls of the Leiden Thrombophilia Study (LETS) were genotyped for carriership of the variant FV. RESULTS: In the variant FV allele a polymorphism in exon 3 (409G > C) was identified, which predicts the replacement of aspartic acid 79 by histidin (D79H). Introduction of this mutation in recombinant FV confirmed that it reduces the affinity for binding to mAb V-23. The substitution has no effect on FV(a) stability and Xa-cofactor activity. In Caucasians the frequency of the FV-79H allele is approximately 5%. Analysis of the LETS revealed that the FV-79H allele is not associated with FV levels (FV(LC)), activated protein C sensitivity (using an activated partial thromboplastin time-based test) or risk of venous thrombosis (OR 1.07, CI 95: 0.7-1.7). CONCLUSION: The D79H substitution in FV should be considered as a neutral polymorphism. The monoclonal antibody V-23, which has a strongly reduced affinity for FV-79H, is not suitable for application in diagnostic tests.     

Insulin resistance Type A and short 5th metacarpals.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Insulin resistance is associated with a number genetic syndromes and a variety of defects of insulin action. METHODS: We describe three members of an extended family spanning two generations with insulin resistance Type A and short 5th metacarpals. The proband had secondary amenorrhoea, male pattern hair distribution, acne, hirsutism, deep voice, acanthosis nigricans, polycystic ovaries, diabetes, features of acromegaly, raised creatine kinase and triglyceride levels and short 5th metacarpals. Her growth hormone, adrenal steroid and testosterone levels were normal. The proband's daughter had severe acne, hirsutism, acanthosis nigricans, polycystic ovaries, raised triglyceride, glucose and testosterone level short metacarpals and normal insulin receptor gene. The proband's son had a muscular build, raised creatine kinase, hypertriglyceridaemia and short 5th metacarpals. His fasting insulin levels were normal but pro-insulin was raised. RESULT/CONCLUSION: There are many familial and genetic syndromes associated with insulin resistance. This family was diagnosed as having insulin resistance Type A. This family does not conform entirely to any of the previously described syndromes and a number of family members have the phenotype of short 5th metacarpals, which appears to be associated with the features of insulin resistance Type A.     

高果糖诱导IR大鼠模型血清脂质代谢的改变及意义

目的: 评估高果糖膳食对机体胰岛素敏感性及血清脂质代谢的影响及意义.方法:以高果糖膳食(果糖占总热量34.5%)诱导并经钳夹技术证实建立胰岛素抵抗(IR)大鼠模型,生化比色法测定血清游离脂肪酸(FFA),生化酶法测定血清甘油三酯(TG)及总胆固醇(TC).结果:高果糖膳食喂养4周后,实验组大鼠葡萄糖输注率由(11.5±0.6)mg/kg·min-1下降至(6.6±0.4)mg/kg·min-1(P<0.01);血清FFA由(0.45±0.09)mmol/L增至(0.78±0.19)mmol/L(P<0.01);TG由(0.54±0.10)mmol/L增至(0.96±0.22)mmol/L(P<0.01);TC由(1.96±0.32)mmol/L增至(2.42±0.21)mmol/L(P<0.01).结论:高果糖膳食可导致机体严重IR,是建立IR大鼠模型的有效手段;该模型同时伴有血清脂代谢各相关指标的明显异常,血脂的变化既是IR的结果,也是IR向纵深发展的原因和必要条件.